鹦哥鱼
科名:Scaridae
科俗名:
Parrrotfishes
大陆科名:
鹦嘴鱼科
地理分布:
广泛分布于世界各热带及亚热带珊瑚礁淺水域。
形态特徵:
体呈长椭圆形而略侧扁,唯体型及体色有随体长增大而改变之现 象。吻呈圆钝形。口小,端位,不外突也不可伸缩;唇厚。颌齿癒合成上下各二片之鸟嘴状齿板,咽喉部具强硬之咽头齿。体被大型鳞;侧线後部中断或少数连续。背鳍单一,具 IX 硬棘及 10 软条;臀鳍具 III 硬棘及 9软条;尾鳍随体长之增大而由圆形或新月形变為双凹形,上下叶或延长如丝。全世界约有10属88种(Nelson, 2006),臺湾纪录7属33种左右
栖所生态:
主要栖息于岸边珊瑚礁区或岩礁区。日行性,昼间于礁区间穿梭觅食,夜间则躲于礁体或岩块下睡觉,有的会分泌黏液茧将自己包裹起来或封在洞口 ,藉着黏液特殊的味道来防止掠食者如鯙类等的攻击,有的甚至会钻入砂中避敌。草食性,以珊瑚之共生藻為生,而其磨碎珊瑚後之排泄物,即是珊瑚礁区细砂沈积的重要来源。大多数鹦哥鱼在成长过程中经歷了雌变雄的性别转变,而体色也伴随着变化。幼鱼在性别转变之前(雌或雄性),称之「开始型鱼相」,成长後(雌性变雄性),称之「终端型鱼相或超雄鱼」。因体色偏绿色调,通常被俗称為青衣或绿仔。
台湾的33种鹦哥鱼如下图: ![](http://aycu16.webshots.com/image/22975/2003927200007106973_rs.jpg)
隆头鹦哥鱼
![](http://aycu20.webshots.com/image/23179/2003176745306166818_rs.jpg)
卡罗鹦鲤
![](http://aycu07.webshots.com/image/21766/2003166341443417005_rs.jpg)
日本鹦鲤
![](http://aycu07.webshots.com/image/23166/2003113785182359562_rs.jpg)
台湾鹦鲤
![](http://aycu04.webshots.com/image/23163/2003132620351182431_rs.jpg)
青鹦哥鱼
![](http://aycu40.webshots.com/image/23039/2003189731406287036_rs.jpg)
鲍氏鹦哥鱼
![](http://aycu27.webshots.com/image/23386/2002484474848189289_rs.jpg)
凹尾鹦哥鱼
![](http://aycu32.webshots.com/image/20511/2002485209954749829_rs.jpg)
日本鹦哥鱼
![](http://aycu27.webshots.com/image/23386/2002469229549798795_rs.jpg)
小鼻鹦哥鱼
![](http://aycu12.webshots.com/image/23051/2002446480837111035_rs.jpg)
疣鹦哥鱼
![](http://aycu10.webshots.com/image/20729/2002478647473073176_rs.jpg)
白斑鹦哥鱼
![](http://aycu03.webshots.com/image/23882/2003884812086934340_rs.jpg)
长吻鹦哥鱼
![](http://aycu28.webshots.com/image/22307/2003311097341450926_rs.jpg)
纤鹦鲤
![](http://aycu15.webshots.com/image/22934/2003864339681061533_rs.jpg)
蓝臀鹦哥鱼
![](http://aycu29.webshots.com/image/22468/2003857495502687477_rs.jpg)
新月鹦哥鱼
![](http://aycu04.webshots.com/image/24083/2003846592059747093_rs.jpg)
橫纹鹦哥鱼
![](http://aycu03.webshots.com/image/24002/2003901656589798679_rs.jpg)
福氏鹦哥鱼
![](http://aycu05.webshots.com/image/23444/2001306562444059060_rs.jpg)
黄鹦哥鱼(不知道它為什麼不是黄色的,鱼类资料是这样的..)
![](http://aycu26.webshots.com/image/23465/2003926482330687108_rs.jpg)
灰尾鹦哥鱼
![](http://aycu23.webshots.com/image/22342/2005586927736370895_rs.jpg)
蓝点鹦哥鱼
![](http://aycu28.webshots.com/image/24347/2001933521602349483_rs.jpg)
虫纹鹦哥鱼
![](http://aycu22.webshots.com/image/22381/2001907426291255350_rs.jpg)
爪哇鹦哥鱼
![](http://aycu06.webshots.com/image/23925/2001492778156618339_rs.jpg)
颈斑鹦哥鱼
![](http://aycu27.webshots.com/image/22826/2002324582608013461_rs.jpg)
姬鹦哥鱼
![](http://aycu35.webshots.com/image/23594/2001479903664630555_rs.jpg)
卵头鹦哥鱼
![](http://aycu40.webshots.com/image/21719/2002803432996478527_rs.jpg)
绿颌鹦哥鱼
![](http://aycu25.webshots.com/image/20904/2002838487834211570_rs.jpg)
棕吻鹦哥鱼
![](http://aycu13.webshots.com/image/23092/2004528656475507867_rs.jpg)
瓜氏鹦哥鱼
![](http://aycu21.webshots.com/image/24220/2006187220403726569_rs.jpg)
杂纹鹦哥鱼
![](http://aycu24.webshots.com/image/21423/2004519704006764701_rs.jpg)
红紫鹦哥鱼
![](http://aycu40.webshots.com/image/24199/2003776492748737084_rs.jpg)
史氏鹦哥鱼
![](http://aycu22.webshots.com/image/21061/2003773419600206256_rs.jpg)
刺鹦哥鱼
![](http://aycu31.webshots.com/image/23790/2004834833032034510_rs.jpg)
黄肋鹦哥鱼
![](http://aycu35.webshots.com/image/22354/2004851540314923978_rs.jpg)
![](http://aycu34.webshots.com/image/23113/2004995220892055801_rs.jpg)
![](http://aycu02.webshots.com/image/23561/2004974344027160397_rs.jpg)
![](http://aycu16.webshots.com/image/21055/2006362327915140619_rs.jpg)
![](http://aycu29.webshots.com/image/23668/2006325618944573408_rs.jpg)
![](http://aycu05.webshots.com/image/22124/2000746360660810910_rs.jpg)
![](http://aycu06.webshots.com/image/23005/2000749337271622550_rs.jpg)
![](http://aycu39.webshots.com/image/23078/2005916425764781984_rs.jpg)
![](http://aycu22.webshots.com/image/21101/2005979758562742871_rs.jpg)
![](http://aycu38.webshots.com/image/22197/2002525260744265965_rs.jpg)
![](http://aycu21.webshots.com/image/23700/2002587688646389843_rs.jpg)
![](http://aycu23.webshots.com/image/23702/2005134064143989431_rs.jpg)
![](http://aycu23.webshots.com/image/23702/2005157111761622053_rs.jpg)
![](http://aycu10.webshots.com/image/20809/2002028531356048646_rs.jpg)
![](http://aycu30.webshots.com/image/24189/2002084883202239527_rs.jpg)
![](http://aycu13.webshots.com/image/24332/2000552158504056156_rs.jpg)
![](http://aycu07.webshots.com/image/21486/2000537607189851708_rs.jpg)
![](http://aycu28.webshots.com/image/19707/2004042784740875853_rs.jpg)
![](http://aycu10.webshots.com/image/23889/2004077334096030518_rs.jpg)
![](http://aycu13.webshots.com/image/22852/2003429999085840796_rs.jpg)
![](http://aycu32.webshots.com/image/22351/2003403063554404995_rs.jpg) |